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Table 3 Echocardiographic parameters and their relationships with significant acute cellular rejection

From: Usefulness of speckle tracking echocardiography and biomarkers for detecting acute cellular rejection after heart transplantation

Variable

Control

Group without ACR

Group with ACR

p value

group

Left atrium (mm)

34 (31–36)

41 (38–46)#

43 (35–49)#

< 0.001ª

LA Volume (mm3/cm2)

25.02 ± 2.97

33.31 ± 4.96#

33.78 ± 3.06#

< 0.001b

Septum (mm)

8 (8–9)

11 (10–13)#

12 (10–13)#

< 0.001ª

Inferolateral wall (mm)

8 (8–9)

11 (10–11)#

11 (9–13)#

< 0.001ª

Relative thickness

0.38 (0.35–0.41)

0.49 (0.44–0.53)#

0.47 (0.40–0.55)#

< 0.001ª

LVMI (g/m2)

71 (65–83)

102 (86–124)#

109 (80–141)#

< 0.001ª

LVEF (%)

65 (62–68)

64 (62–67)

65 (63–67)

0.739ª

E velocity (m/s)

0.84 (0.69–0.93)

0.65 (0.60–0.76) #

0.66 (0.54–0.84) #

< 0.001ª

DT (ms)

189 (168–208)

187 (144–214)

190 (153–207)

0.787ª

A velocity (m/s)

0.50 (0.42–0.58)

0.41 (0.32–0.50) #

0.42 (0.38–0.68) #

0.001ª

E/A

1.60 (1.38–1.93)

1.64 (1.29–2.00)

1.46 (1.29–1.75)

0.543ª

S′ velocity (m/s)

0.08 (0.07–0.09)

0.07 (0.06–0.08)#

0.07 (0.05–0.08)

0.010ª

E’ velocity (m/s)

0.11 (0.09–0.12)

0.06 (0.05–0.08)#

0.07 (0.05–0.07)#

< 0.001ª

A’ velocity (m/s)

0.08 (0.07–0.10)

0.06 (0.05–0.08)#

0.08 (0.06–0.09)#

< 0.001ª

E/E’

7.92 (6.63–8.78)

10.14 (7.99–12.96)#

10 (7.93–14.21)#

< 0.001ª

FAC (%)

43 (40–48)

39 (36–45) #

39 (37–42) #

0.001ª

TAPSE (mm)

24 (20–26)

17 (15–18)#

16 (15–17)#

< 0.001ª

S′ velocity (m/s) of tricuspid annulus

13 (12–15)

12 (11–14)

11 (11–12)#

< 0.001ª

  1. The values are presented as the mean (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range)
  2. aKruskal-Wallis test;#p< 0.05 (vs. the control group). ACR acute cellular rejection; LA left atrium; DT deceleration time; LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction; FAC fractional area change; lat lateral; LVMI left ventricular mass index; TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion