Variable | Total N = 300 | Surgery N = 182 | None surgery N = 118 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Previous cardiovascular conditions or cardiac diseases | 126 (42.0) | 85 (46.7) | 41 (34.5) | 0.003 |
Degenerative calcific valvular disease | 27 (9.0) | 18 (9.9) | 9 (7.6) | 0.606 |
Rheumatic heart disease | 59 (19.7) | 41 (22.5) | 18 (15.1) | 0.122 |
Congenital heart disease | 58 (19.3) | 42 (23.1) | 16 (13.4) | 0.053 |
Clinical features | ||||
Fever | 251 (83.7) | 141 (77.5) | 110 (92.4) | 0.000 |
Heart murmurs | 253 (84.3) | 162 (89.0) | 91 (76.5) | 0.006 |
Ischemic stroke | 65 (21.7) | 31 (17.0) | 34 (28.6) | 0.016 |
Hemorrhagic stroke | 26 (8.7) | 10 (5.5) | 16 (13.4) | 0.015 |
Heart insufficiency (NYHA II ~ IV) | 175 (58.3) | 124 (68.1) | 51 (42.9) | 0.000 |
bAcute congestive heart failure | 64 (21.3) | 41 (22.5) | 23 (19.3) | 0.531 |
Positive blood culture | 172 (57.3) | 93 (51.1) | 79 (66.4) | 0.007 |
Staphylococcus aureus | 43 (14.3) | 14 (7.7) | 29 (24.4) | 0.000 |
Modified Duke’s criteria | ||||
Definite IE | 166 (55.3) | 81 (44.5) | 85 (71.4) | 0.000 |
Suspected IE | 113 (37.7) | 80 (44.0) | 33 (27.7) | 0.005 |
Excluded | – | a21 (11.5) | – | – |
Pathological criteria | ||||
Pathological confirmed | – | a173 (95.1) | – | – |
Pathological excluded | – | a9 (4.9) | – | – |
In-hospital death | 32 (10.7) | 8 (4.4) | 24 (20.2) | 0.000 |