From: A review of current trends in three-dimensional analysis of left ventricular myocardial strain
Author Year (Ref.#) | Type of cancer | n | Treatment | Echo timing | Feasibility | CTRCD (%) | Pre-echo | Post-echo | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mornos 2014 [71] | various | 79 | Anthracycline (100%) | Before and at 12 and 36 weeks | 3D STE: 75% | 14% | 3D GLS: 19.4 ± 2.3% 3D GCS: 21.4 ± 1.7% 3D GRS: 42.4 ± 5.3% | 17.5 ± 2.4%* 20.9 ± 1.7% 37.6 ± 5.4%* | Δ3D GLS was an independent predictor for future CTRCD. Δ3D GLS of 13.7% had an 88% sensitivity and a 71% specificity for CTRCD. |
Tarr 2015 [39] | various | 25 | Anthracycline (28%) | Before and 3 months | 2D STE: 100% 3D STE: 100% | NA | 2D GLS: 15.0 ± 4.2% 2D GRS: 28.0 ± 10.6% 3D GLS: 13.0 ± 2.6% 3D GCS: 21.0 ± 4.5% 3D GRS: 28.0 ± 12.8% | 14.0 ± 4.6%* 21.0 ± 11.5%* 12.0 ± 2.2% 22.0 ± 4.7% 26.0 ± 14.5% | 3D global strains did not show a significant decrease after therapy. |
Santoro 2017 [26] | breast | 100 | Anthracycline (100%) | Before and at 4 months | 2D STE: 91% /90% 3D vol.: 88% /67% 3D STE: 84% /60% | NA | 2D GLS: 22.2 ± 2.3% 3D LVEF: 62 ± 7% 3D GLS: 17.6 ± 3.2% 3D GCS: 16.8 ± 2.8% 3D GAS: 30.2 ± 4.5% 3D GRS: 47.4 ± 9.2% | 20.1 ± 6.6%* 60 ± 7%* 16.2 ± 3.5%* 15.2 ± 2.9%* 27.5 ± 5.4%* 43.1 ± 10.7% | % reduction of 2D GLS > 15% was observed in 17 patients (17%). 3D-derived LVEF decreased < 50% in 4 out of 67 patients (6%). |
Song 2017 [72] | lymphoma | 89 | Anthracycline (100%) | Before, at 3 weeks, and at the end of Tx. | 2D STE: 93% /93%/93% 3D STE: 93% /93%/93% | NA | 2D LVEF: 70 ± 3% 2D GLS: 21.5 ± 2.5% 3D GLS: 21.8 ± 2.9% 3D GCS: 29.9 ± 4.4% | 69 ± 3% 20.7 ± 2.1% 27.5 ± 4.5%* 27.3 ± 5.0%* | 2D GLS and LVEF did not change, but 3D GLS and 3D GCS were significantly reduced 3 weeks after therapy. |
Zhang 2018 [73] | breast | 142 | Anthracycline (100%) Trastuzumab (9%) | Before and annually | 3D STE: 94% | NA | 3D LVEF: 56.8% 3D GLS:16.8% 3D GCS: 27.3% 3D principal strain: 29.9% | 51.5%* 15.3%* 24.2%* 26.0%* | 3D LVEF, 3D GLS, 3D GCS, and 3D principal strain were associated with concurrent and subsequent changes in systolic function. |
Chen 2019 [74] | breast | 83 | Anthracycline (100%) | Before, during, and after Tx. | 3D STE:100% | NA | 3D GLS 18.1 ± 2.2% 3D GCS 18.7 ± 2.6% 3D GAS 34.1 ± 2.8% 3D GRS 44.9 ± 5.2% | 14.9 ± 2.5%* 15.7 ± 0.3%* 23.9 ± 2.6%* 43.3 ± 4.9% | There was a significant correlation between 3D GAS and the culminating dose of anthracycline (r = 0.77). |
Cruz 2019 [53] | breast | 105 | Anthracycline (100%) Trastuzumab (52%) | Before and during Tx. | 2D STE: 100% (patients)/ 96% (segments) 3D STE: 100% (patients)/ 94% (segments) | 23% | 2D LVEF: 66 ± 8% 2D GLS: 21.1 ± 3.0% 3D LVEF: 62 ± 6% 3D GLS: 15.6 ± 3.4% 3D GCS: 14.0 ± 4.0% 3D GAS: 27.0 ± 8.5% 3D GRS: 42.0 ± 17.0% | 58 ± 11%* 18.8 ± 3.1%* 54 ± 9%* 10.9 ± 4.1%* 11.0 ± 5.0%* 20.0 ± 9.0%* 28.5 ± 17.5%* | Percent reduction of 3D GCS (cut-off value of 34.2%) and that of 3D GRS (34.5%) predicted CTRCT with 70% diagnostic accuracy. |