From: Different determinants of exercise capacity in HFpEF compared to HFrEF
Variable | HFpEF | HFrEF | P value |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 55) | (n = 56) | ||
Clinical and biochemical data | |||
Age (years) | 63 ± 6.8 | 62 ± 12 | 0.767 |
Body-mass index (kg/m2) | 29 ± 4 | 28 ± 3.6 | 0.130 |
Waist/hips ratio | 0.96 ± 0.06 | 0.96 ± 0.06 | 0.996 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 7.1 ± 3.1 | 6.7 ± 2.3 | 0.462 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 1.1 | 4.7 ± 1.1 | 0.054 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 0.137 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 87 ± 16 | 105 ± 63 | 0.052 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.8 ± 1.9 | 12.4 ± 1.5 | 0.078 |
Baseline heart rate (beats/min) | 70 ± 15 | 79 ± 15 | 0.005 |
NT-ProBNP (pg/mL) | 681 ± 1280 | 1665 ± 1801 | 0.001 |
6-min walk distance (m) | 339 ± 106 | 282 ± 119 | 0.010 |
PPV of 6-min walk distance (%) | 56 ± 19 | 45 ± 20 | 0.004 |
Echocardiographic data | |||
IVSd (cm) | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.666 |
Left atrium (cm) | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 4.6 ± 0.7 | 0.004 |
LV EDD (cm) | 5.2 ± 0.7 | 6.3 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
LV ESD (cm) | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 5.1 ± 1 | <0.001 |
EDV (ml) | 135 ± 44 | 213 ± 67 | <0.001 |
ESV (ml) | 56 ± 8.7 | 140 ± 52 | <0.001 |
LV EF (%) | 59.6 ± 8.7 | 35 ± 7.5 | <0.001 |
Lateral MAPSE (cm) | 1.27 ± 0.3 | 1.02 ± 0.4 | 0.001 |
Septal MAPSE (cm) | 1.14 ± 0.2 | 0.85 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
TAPSE (cm) | 2.3 ± 0.4 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 0.062 |
LVPWd (cm) | 1.05 ± 0.2 | 1.06 ± 0.2 | 0.688 |
E/A ratio | 0.81 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.001 |
LVM (g) | 224 ± 69 | 310 ± 77 | <0.001 |
LVMI (g/m2.7) | 50 ± 16 | 67 ± 23 | <0.001 |
E wave DT | 189 ± 44 | 159 ± 49 | 0.002 |
Filling time (ms) | 454 ± 147 | 372 ± 99 | 0.001 |
IVRT (ms) | 122 ± 39 | 130 ± 43 | 0.407 |
PA acceleration time (ms) | 118 ± 20 | 101 ± 23 | <0.001 |
E/e’ ratio | 9.4 ± 4.7 | 13.5 ± 6.4 | 0.001 |
Lateral e’ (cm/s) | 6.7 ± 2.6 | 5.3 ± 2.2 | 0.009 |
Lateral a’ (cm/s) | 8.6 ± 3.3 | 7.1 ± 3.8 | 0.051 |
Lateral s’ (cm/s) | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 4.8 ± 1.7 | 0.006 |
Septal e’ (cm/s) | 5.7 ± 2.5 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | <0.001 |
Septal a’ (cm/s) | 7.9 ± 2.1 | 6.2 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
Septal s’ (cm/s) | 4.9 ± 1.6 | 3.8 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
Right e’ (cm/s) | 9.4 ± 3.2 | 7.9 ± 2.4 | 0.012 |
Right a’ (cm/s) | 12.7 ± 4.5 | 12.2 ± 4.2 | 0.593 |
Right s’ (cm/s) | 9.1 ± 3.1 | 8.3 ± 2.7 | 0.187 |
LAV max | 62 ± 23 | 83 ± 57 | 0.005 |
LAV min | 29 ± 18 | 51 ± 34 | <0.001 |
LA EF (%) | 53 ± 15 | 43 ± 18 | 0.012 |