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Table 2 Common characteristics of selected human studies of cardiac shock wave therapy

From: Cardiac shock-wave therapy in the treatment of coronary artery disease: systematic review and meta-analysis

Author (year)

Study population

Stress test, used to detect myocardial ischemia

Patients, Total control (n)

Age (years)

Sex, male, n (%)

Follow up, months

Non-controlled studies

 Caspari G. H. et al. (1999) [19]

Stable angina

SPECT

9/-

65 ± 7

nd

6d

 Gutersohn A. et al. (2003) [51]

Stable angina

SPECT, ET

25/-

66 ± 7.3

nd

6d

 Gutersohn A. et al. (2005) [52]

Stable angina

SPECT

14/-

66

nd

12e

 Gutersohn A. et al. (2006) [53]

Stable angina

SPECT

23/-

66

nd

60d

 Fukumoto Y.et al. (2006) [54]

Stable angina

ET, SPECT

9/-

67.8

5 (55.5%)

12d

 Lyadov K. et al. (2006) [55]

Stable angina

DSE, CPET

13/-

59.6 ± 6.9

11 (85%)

1e

 Naber C. et al. (2007) [56]

Stable angina

SPECT

25/-

63.8 ± 8.2

nd

3d

 KhattabA.A. et al. (2007) [57]

Stable angina

SPECT

10/-

nd

nd

1d

 Naber C. et al. (2008) [58]

Stable angina

SPECT

24/-

63.8 ± 8.2

18 (75%)

3d

 Takayama T. et al. (2008) [28]

Stable angina

SPECT

17/-

67.5

17 (100%)

6d

 Wang Y. et al. (2010) [59]

Stable angina

DSE, SPECT

9/-

63.7 ± 5.7

9 (100%)

1d

 Faber L. et al. (2010) [60]

Stable angina

PET, CPET

16/-

66 ± 10

nd

1d

 Vainer J. et al. (2010) [61]

Stable angina

ET, SPECT

22/-

69 ± 7

18 (81.8%)

4d

 Vasyuk Y. A. et al. (2010) [25]

Ischemic HF

DSE, SPECT

24/-

63.3 ± 6.1

20 (83.3%)

6d

 Alunni G. et al. (2011) [62]

Stable angina

SPECT

16/-

71 ± 5.6

12 (80%)

12

 Vainer J. et al. (2012) [63]

Stable angina

SPECT

50/-

68 ± 9

40 (80%)

4d

 Alunni G. et al. (2013) [64]

Stable angina

SPECT

25/-

nd

nd

6d

 Gabrusenko S.A. et al. (2013) [29]

Stable angina

SPECT

17/-

67.4 ± 8.6

14 (82.4%)

1e

 Zuoziene G. et al. (2013) [65]

Stable angina

DSE, SPECT

40/-

67.7 ± 7

30 (75%)

3d

 Prinz C. et al. (2013) [66]

Stable angina

ET, PET

43/-

67 ± 10

nd

1d

 Cassar A. et al. (2014) [27]

Stable angina

ET, SPECT

15/-

65.0 ± 12.1

13 (86.7)

4d

 Faber L. et al. (2014) [67]

Stable angina

PET

47/-

67 ± 10

nd

1,5d

 Prasad M. et al. (2015) [68]

Stable angina

SPECT, ET

111/-

62.9 ± 10.9

98 (83.7)

3–6e

 Kaller M. et al. (2015) [49]

Stable angina

PET, ET

21/-

65 ± 10

13 (61.9%)

1.5–2d

 Cai HY et al. (2015) [30]

Stable angina

ET

26/-

63 ± 10

23 (88.5%)

4d

 Liu BY et al. (2015) [69]

Stable angina

SPECT

11/-

nd

nd

12d

 Vainer J. et al. (2016) [70]

Stable angina

ET, SPECT

33/-

69.7 ± 8

27 (82%)

4d

Non-randomized, controlled studies

 Kikuchi Y. et al. (2010)c [31]

Stable angina

CPET

8/8

70 ± 3

5 (62.5%)

3d

 Kazmi W.H. et al. (2012) [71]

Stable angina

SPECT

86/43

57.7 ± 10.5

73 (84.5%)

6d

 Alunni G. et al. (2014) [72]

Stable angina

SPECT

72/29

70 ± 5.3

60 (83.3%)

6d

 Nirala S. et al. (2016) [73]

Stable angina

ET, DSE

52/11

63.4 ± 10.8

43 (82.7%)

72d

Randomized, controlled studies

 Peng Y.Z. et al. (2012) [26]

Ischemic HF

SPECT

50/nd

nd

nd

1d

 Wang Y. et al. (2012)a [24]

Stable angina

DSE, SPECT

55/14

64.1 ± 9.8

47 (85%)

12e

 Zhao L. et al. (2015)b [74]

Stable angina

SPECT, ET

87/27

66.8 ± 8.4

68 (78%)

12e

Randomized, placebo controlled studies

 Schmid J.P. et al. (2006) [75]

Stable angina

SPECT

15/8

68 ± 8

14 (60%)

3d

 Yang P. et al. (2012)a [76]

Stable angina

SPECT

45/20

67 ± 8.3

36 (80%)

3e

 Leibowitz D. et al. (2012)a [77]

Stable angina

ET, SPECT

28/10

63.3 ± 9.2

24 (85.7%)

3d

 Schmid J.P. et al. (2013) [78]

Stable angina

CPET

21/10

68.2 ± 8.3

19 (90.5%)

3d

 Yang P. et al. (2013)a [79]

Stable angina

SPECT

25/11

65.1 ± 8.5

18 (72%)

6d

  1. Continuous variables were expressed as mean value ± standard deviation (SD), whereas categorical variables were expressed as percentages
  2. ET ECG Exercise test, CPET cardiopulmonary exercise test, DSE dobutamine stress echocardiography, PET positron emission tomography, SPECT single photon emission computed tomography; nd = no data; adouble blind; bsingle blind; cdouble blind, placebo controlled, crossover design; dtime after the end of treatment (treatment ends at 9th treatment week); etime from the treatment initiation